Which of the following are manifestations of severe dehydration in infants?

Severe dehydration in infants can be identified through specific clinical signs and symptoms. The correct choice, which highlights the absence of tears and parched mucous membranes, is indicative of significant fluid loss. In infants, hydration status is often assessed by observing their ability to produce tears; when they are dehydrated, infants typically do not produce tears when crying. Additionally, parched mucous membranes in the mouth indicate inadequate moisture due to low fluid intake or excessive fluid loss.

Other manifestations of severe dehydration may include dry skin, lethargy, decreased urine output, and signs of shock such as cool, mottled extremities. Therefore, the presence of symptoms like tears or flushed skin, or signs of adequate hydration such as excessive urination and normal fontanelles would not align with the condition of severe dehydration. Instead, these alternative symptoms would generally suggest that the infant is adequately hydrated or, in the case of flushed skin, may have an unrelated condition.